AMENDMENT 178
Chapter Two, Part J is amended by deleting §2J1.7 in its entirety as follows:
"§2J1.7. Commission of Offense While on Release
(a) Base Offense Level: 6
(b) Specific Offense Characteristics
(1) If the offense committed while on release is punishable by death or imprisonment for a term of fifteen years or more, increase by 6 levels.
(2) If the offense committed while on release is punishable by a term of imprisonment of five or more years, but less than fifteen years, increase by 4 levels.
(3) If the offense committed while on release is a felony punishable by a maximum term of less than five years, increase by 2 levels.
Commentary
Statutory Provision: 18 U.S.C. § 3147.
Application Notes:
1. This guideline applies whenever a sentence pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 3147 is imposed.
2. By statute, a term of imprisonment imposed for a violation of 18 U.S.C. § 3147 runs consecutively to any other term of imprisonment. Consequently, a sentence for such a violation is exempt from grouping under the multiple count rules. See §3D1.2.
Background: Because defendants convicted under this section will generally have a prior criminal history, the guideline sentences provided are greater than they otherwise might appear.".
A replacement guideline with accompanying commentary is inserted as §2J1.7 (Commission of Offense While on Release).
Reason for Amendment: The purpose of this amendment is to reflect the fact that 18 U.S.C. § 3147 is an enhancement provision, not a distinct offense. Created in 1984 as part of the Comprehensive Crime Control Act, the statute contained interim provisions (mandatory consecutive sentences that were subject to the parole and good time provisions of prior law) that were to be in effect until the sentencing guidelines took effect. The Senate Report to S.1762 indicates that the mandatory nature of the interim provisions was to be eliminated when the sentencing guidelines took effect ("Section 213(h) [220(g) of the CCCA of 1984] amends the new provision in title I of this Act relating to consecutive enhanced penalties for committing an offense while on release (new 18 U.S.C. § 3147)) by eliminating the mandatory nature of the penalties in favor of utilizing sentencing guidelines" (Senate Report 98-225 at 186). The statute, as amended, however, did not actually eliminate all language referring to mandatory penalties. A mandatory consecutive term of imprisonment is required but, unlike other mandatory provisions, there is no minimum required.
The amendment converts this section into an offense level adjustment for the offense committed while on release, a treatment that is considerably more consistent with the treatment of other offense/offender characteristics.
Effective Date: The effective date of this amendment is November 1, 1989.